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JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE NUTRITION

COMMENTARY

101 Diets: Why Ancestral Diets Should be the Foundation

Hollywood, JB

FIRST PUBLISHED

2025-02-01

Article:

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ABSTRACT

Background: The global surge in popular dietary trends reflects evolving perceptions about the role of nutrition in health outcomes. However, the overwhelming abundance of easily-sourced fad diets lack scientific validation and can contribute to the perpetuation of unhealthy eating practices.

Objective: This commentary aimed to identify industry gaps in diet sourcing and propose a flexible, personalized dietary approach that can adapt a variety of diet preferences to support various lifestyles and a variety of health conditions.

Results: One-hundred and one diets were located and sixty-eight are highlighted in this article. A review of popular diet trends reveals that many diets prioritize restrictive eating patterns that may not meet the full spectrum of nutrient-dense food options, disease-specific needs, or be sustainable long-term. The ancestral diet was found to be an adaptable framework.

Conclusion: A variety of diet regimes prioritize specific food groups or exclude others, while the objective should be promoting nutrient density, whole foods, and cultural adaptability. Ancestral diets provide a versatile foundation that can be personalized easily to multiple lifestyles making them sustainable.

COI STATEMENT

The authors declare no competing financial interests.

REFERENCES

1. U.S. Department of Agriculture and U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Dietary Guidelines for Americans, 2020-2025. 9th ed. USDA and HHS. https://www.dietaryguidelines.gov


2. Fardet A, Rock E. Towards a new philosophy of preventive nutrition: from a reductionist to a holistic paradigm to improve nutritional recommendations. Adv Nutr. 2014;5(4):430-446


3. Juckett G. Cross-cultural medicine. Am Fam Physician. 2005;72(11):2267-2274


4. Mathers JC. Personalized nutrition: how far has nutrigenomics progressed? Eur J Clin Nutr. 2019;73(5):718-722


5. Willett W, Rockström J, Loken B, et al. Food in the Anthropocene: the EAT–Lancet Commission on healthy diets from sustainable food systems. Lancet. 2019;393(10170):447-492.


6. Cordain L, Eaton SB, Sebastian A, et al. Origins and evolution of the Western diet: Health implications for the 21st century. Am J Clin Nutr. 2005;81(2):341-354.


7. Hollywood JB, Hutchinson D, Feehery-Alpuerto N, Whitfield M, Davis K, Johnson LM. The effects of the Paleo diet on autoimmune thyroid disease: A mixed methods review. J Am Nutr Assoc. 2023;42(8):727-736.

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